《美國是基督教社會 美軍對AI道德標準較高?空軍將領言論惹議》(編譯田思怡 2023-07-22)报道:
美國空軍中將摩爾20日表示,美國軍方對使用AI的道德標準高於對手,因為美國是一個「猶太教-基督教社會」。圖為美國國防部五角大廈。(Getty Images)
美國空軍中將摩爾20日表示,美國軍方對使用AI的道德標準高於對手,因為美國是一個「猶太教-基督教社會」。圖為美國國防部五角大廈。(Getty Images)
華盛頓郵報報導,美國空軍中將摩爾(Richard G. Moore Jr.) 20日表示,美國軍方對使用「人工智慧」(AI)的道德標準高於對手,因為美國是一個「猶太教-基督教社會」(Judeo-Christian society)。他的言論引起專家檢視,他們認為來自各個不同宗教和道德傳統的人,都能想辦法解決AI帶來的難題。
摩爾在「哈德遜研究所」(Hudson Institute)的一項活動上發表上述言論。他在被問到美國國防部對「自主戰爭」(autonomous warfare)的看法時表示,國防部最高階層一直在討論AI的道德問題,「不論你們的信仰為何,我們的社會是一個猶太教-基督教社會,我們有道德指南針,不是人人都有。有些人願意不擇手段達到目的」。
摩爾說,AI在未來戰爭中的角色要看「誰遵守戰爭規則、誰不遵守。有些社會的基礎與我們迥異」。他沒有點名特定國家。
美國官員表示,他們正在制定在戰爭中使用AI的守則。美國國防部在2020年採取一些使用AI的道德標準。
卡內基梅隆大學的倫理與運算科學教授倫敦(Alex John London)指出,AI引起的道德問題,包括在戰爭中,已在多個不同宗教和哲學傳統的社會普遍受到重視。他說,「有很多在道德方面的努力,不限於任何宗教,聚焦在重視人類福祉、人類自主、享有公平公正社會體系的重要性。對AI倫理的關切,不限於任何單一社會傳統」。
谢选骏指出:世界只有“基督教”,没有“犹太基督教”——
《新约·约翰福音》第 8 章:
8:31 耶稣对信他的犹太人说,你们若常常遵守我的道,就真是我的门徒。
Then said Jesus to those Jews which believed on him, If ye continue in my word, then are ye my disciples indeed;
8:32 你们必晓得真理,真理必叫你们得以自由。
And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.
8:33 他们回答说,我们是亚伯拉罕的后裔,从来没有作过谁的奴仆。你怎吗说,你们必得以自由呢。
They answered him, We be Abraham's seed, and were never in bondage to any man: how sayest thou, Ye shall be made free?
8:34 耶稣回答说,我实实在在的告诉你们。所有犯罪的,就是罪的奴仆。
Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin.
8:35 奴仆不能永远住在家里,儿子是永远住在家里。
And the servant abideth not in the house for ever: but the Son abideth ever.
8:36 所以天父的儿子若叫你们自由,你们就真自由了。
If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed.
8:37 我知道你们是亚伯拉罕的子孙,你们却想要杀我。因为你们心里容不下我的道。
I know that ye are Abraham's seed; but ye seek to kill me, because my word hath no place in you.
8:38 我所说的,是在我父那里看见的。你们所行的,是在你们的父那里听见的。
I speak that which I have seen with my Father: and ye do that which ye have seen with your father.
8:39 他们说,我们的父就是亚伯拉罕。耶稣说,你们若是亚伯拉罕的儿子,就必行亚伯拉罕所行的事。
They answered and said unto him, Abraham is our father. Jesus saith unto them, If ye were Abraham's children, ye would do the works of Abraham.
8:40 我将在神那里所听见的真理,告诉了你们,现在你们却想要杀我。这不是亚伯拉罕所行的事。
But now ye seek to kill me, a man that hath told you the truth, which I have heard of God: this did not Abraham.
8:41 你们是行你们父所行的事。他们说,我们不是从淫乱生的。我们只有一位父就是神。
Ye do the deeds of your father. Then said they to him, We be not born of fornication; we have one Father, even God.
8:42 耶稣说,倘若神是你们的父,你们就必爱我。因为我本是出于神,也是从神而来,并不是由着自己来,乃是他差我来。
Jesus said unto them, If God were your Father, ye would love me: for I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of myself, but he sent me.
8:43 你们为什么不明白我的话呢,无非是因你们不能听我的道。
Why do ye not understand my speech? even because ye cannot hear my word.
8:44 你们是出于你们的父魔鬼,你们父的私欲,你们偏要行,他从起初是杀人的,不守真里。因他心里没有真里,他说谎是出于自己,因他本来是说谎的,也是说谎之人的父。
Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.
8:45 我将真理告诉你们,你们就因此不信我。
And because I tell you the truth, ye believe me not.
8:46 你们中间谁能指证我有罪呢。我既然将真理告诉你们,为什么不信我呢。
Which of you convinceth me of sin? And if I say the truth, why do ye not believe me?
8:47 出于神的,必听神的话。你们不听,因为你们不是出于神。
He that is of God heareth God's words: ye therefore hear them not, because ye are not of God.
8:48 犹太人回答说,我们说,你是撒玛利亚人,并且是鬼附着的,这话岂不正对吗。
Then answered the Jews, and said unto him, Say we not well that thou art a Samaritan, and hast a devil?
8:49 耶稣说,我不是鬼附着的。我尊敬我的父,你们倒轻慢我。
Jesus answered, I have not a devil; but I honour my Father, and ye do dishonour me.
8:50 我不求自己的荣耀。有一位为我求荣耀定是非的。
And I seek not mine own glory: there is one that seeketh and judgeth.
8:51 我实实在在的告诉你们,人若遵守我的道,就永远不见死。
Verily, verily, I say unto you, If a man keep my saying, he shall never see death.
8:52 犹太人对他说,现在我们知道你是鬼附着的。亚伯拉罕死了,众先知也死了。你还说,人若遵守我的道,就永远不尝死味。
Then said the Jews unto him, Now we know that thou hast a devil. Abraham is dead, and the prophets; and thou sayest, If a man keep my saying, he shall never taste of death.
8:53 难道你比我们的祖宗亚伯拉罕还大吗。他死了,众先知也死了。你将自己当作什么人呢。
Art thou greater than our father Abraham, which is dead? and the prophets are dead: whom makest thou thyself?
8:54 耶稣回答说,我若荣耀自己,我的荣耀就算不得什么。荣耀我的乃是我的父,就是你们所说是你们的神。
Jesus answered, If I honour myself, my honour is nothing: it is my Father that honoureth me; of whom ye say, that he is your God:
8:55 你们未曾认识他。我却认识他。我若说不认识他,我就是说谎的,像你们一样,但我认识他,也遵守他的道。
Yet ye have not known him; but I know him: and if I should say, I know him not, I shall be a liar like unto you: but I know him, and keep his saying.
8:56 你们的祖宗亚伯拉罕欢欢喜喜的仰望我的日子。既看见了,就快乐。
Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day: and he saw it, and was glad.
8:57 犹太人说,你还没有五十岁,岂能见过亚伯拉罕呢。
Then said the Jews unto him, Thou art not yet fifty years old, and hast thou seen Abraham?
8:58 耶稣说,我实实在在的告诉你们,还没有亚伯拉罕,就有了我。
Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am.
8:59 于是他们拿石头要打他。耶稣却躲藏,从殿里出去了。
Then took they up stones to cast at him: but Jesus hid himself, and went out of the temple, going through the midst of them, and so passed by.
谢选骏指出:将军不懂教授也不懂——犹太人后来伙同罗马人杀害了耶稣基督,既然如此,那么“犹太基督教”是个什么鬼呢?犹太基督教是什么鬼?只有鬼知道。
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